Beyond the Match, Episode 3: Working Conditions, Resident Mobility, and Accountability

•  Dr. Mckenzie Roebuck, CoSEF BTK Lead, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, mckenzie.rowe@inova.org
• Dr. Carl Engelke, The Ohio State University, Carl.Engelke@osumc.edu
•  Dr. Michael Brinton, Medical College of Wisconsin, mbrinton@mcw.edu
•   Dr. Omer Hassan, University of Calgary/Alberta Children's Hospital, omerh91@gmail.com
• CoSEF: X @surgedfellows, cosef.org
   

• Summarize the real problems the congressional report identifies in working conditions, mistreatment reporting, and resident mental health
• Distinguish necessary difficulty in residency training from preventable system dysfunction, and describe its relationship to resident well-being and reporting
• Explain the practical barriers to resident mobility, including position availability, training requirements, funding, visa status, professional risk, and stigma
• Describe local and national accountability mechanisms — including program reporting, GMECs, ACGME pathways, and unions — and the limitations of each
• Identify strategies to strengthen resident voice, psychological safety, anti-retaliation protections, and institutional accountability rather than relying on individual resilience alone. 

1. House Committee on the Judiciary. Medical Mis-Match: How a Residency Hiring Monopoly Harms Patients, Doctors, and the American Public. Published online March 27, 2026.
   
2. Gianakos AL, Freischlag JA, Mercurio AM, et al. Bullying, Discrimination, Harassment, Sexual Harassment, and the Fear of Retaliation During Surgical Residency Training: A Systematic Review. World J Surg. 2022;46(7):1587-1599. doi:10.1007/s00268-021-06432-6
   • PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35006329/
     
3. Mata DA, Ramos MA, Bansal N, et al. Prevalence of Depression and Depressive Symptoms Among Resident Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA. 2015;314(22):2373-2383. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.15845
   • PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647259/
     
4. Malone TL, Zhao Z, Liu TY, Song PXK, Sen S, Scott LJ. Prediction of Suicidal Ideation Risk in a Prospective Cohort Study of Medical Interns. PLoS One. 2021;16(12):e0260620. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260620
   • PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34855821/
     
5. Drolet BC, Schwede M, Bishop KD, Fischer SA. Compliance and Falsification of Duty Hours: Reports From Residents and Program Directors. J Grad Med Educ. 2013;5(3):368-373. doi:10.4300/JGME-D-12-00375.1
   • PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24404298/
     
6. National Resident Matching Program. The Match Agreement. Accessed August 2026. https://www.nrmp.org/intro-to-the-match/the-match-agreement/.
   
7. Intealth (ECFMG). J-1 Physicians Training in the US (infographic). Accessed August 2026. https://www.intealth.org/pdfs/J-1_US_Infographic.pdf. (Note: Institutional PDF; no PubMed entry available).
   
8. Foote DC, Rosenblatt AE, Amortegui D, et al. Experiences With Unionization Among General Surgery Resident Physicians, Faculty, and Staff. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(7):e2421676. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.21676
   • PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39018072/
     
9. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Report an Issue. https://www.acgme.org/residents-and-fellows/report-an-issue/?utm_source.